Prostate treatment in men: what medicine to take

Prostatitisis an inflammatory disease of the prostate gland.It manifests itself as frequent urination, pain in the penis, scrotum, rectum, sexual disorders (erectile dysfunction, premature ejaculation, etc.), sometimes urinary retention, and blood in the urine.The diagnosis of prostatitis is established by a urologist or andrologist based on a typical clinical picture and the results of a rectal examination.In addition, ultrasound of the prostate and cultures of prostate secretions and urine are performed.Treatment is conservative - antibacterial therapy, immunotherapy, prostate massage, lifestyle correction.

General information

Prostatitis is an inflammation of the seminal gland (prostate) - the prostate.It is the most common disease of the genitourinary system in men.Most often it affects patients aged 25-50 years.According to various data, prostatitis affects 30-85% of men over 30 years old.The possibility of the formation of an abscess of the prostate gland, inflammation of the testicles and appendages, which threatens infertility.Ascending infection leads to inflammation of the upper part of the genitourinary system (cystitis, pyelonephritis).

Pathology develops with the penetration of infectious agents that enter the prostate tissue from organs of the genitourinary system (urethra, bladder) or from a distant inflammatory focus (pneumonia, influenza, sore throat, furunculosis).

Causes of prostatitis

Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas, Proteus, Klebsiella and E. Coli can act as infectious agents in acute cases.Most microorganisms belong to the conditionally pathogenic flora and cause prostatitis only in the presence of other predisposing factors.Chronic inflammation is usually caused by a polymicrobial association.

The risk of developing this disease increases with hypothermia, a history of infection and certain conditions accompanied by congestion in the prostate tissue.The following predisposing factors were identified:

• General hypothermia (one-time or permanent, associated with work conditions).
• Sedentary lifestyle, profession that forces a person to be in a sitting position for a long time (computer operator, driver, etc.).
• Persistent constipation.
• Disruption in the normal rhythm of sexual activity (excessive sexual activity, prolonged abstinence, incomplete ejaculation during "normal" sexual intercourse without emotional tone).
• The presence of chronic diseases (cholecystitis, bronchitis) or chronic infectious focus in the body (chronic osteomyelitis, untreated caries, tonsillitis, etc.).
• Past urological diseases (urethritis, cystitis, etc.) and sexually transmitted diseases (chlamydia, trichomoniasis, gonorrhea).
• Conditions that cause suppression of the immune system (chronic stress, irregular and poor nutrition, frequent lack of sleep, excessive training in athletes).

A decisive role in the occurrence of prostatitis is played by congestion in the prostate tissue.Disruption of capillary blood flow causes increased lipid peroxidation, swelling, exudation of prostate tissue and creates conditions for the development of infectious processes.

Symptoms of prostatitis

Acute prostatitis

There are three stages of acute prostatitis, which are characterized by the presence of certain clinical features and morphological changes:

• Acute catarrhal.Patients complain of frequent, often painful urination, pain in the sacrum and perineum.
• Acute follicles.The pain becomes stronger, sometimes radiating to the anus, and intensifies during defecation.Urination is difficult, urine flows out in a thin stream.In some cases, urinary retention is observed.Low-grade fever or moderate hyperthermia is typical.
• Acute parenchyma.Severe general poisoning, hyperthermia up to 38-40°C, chills.Urinary disorders, often acute urinary retention.Sharp, throbbing pain in the perineum.Difficulty defecating.

Chronic prostatitis

In rare cases, chronic prostatitis becomes the result of an acute process, however, as a rule, a chronic course is mainly observed.The temperature sometimes rises to a subfebrile level.Patients noted mild pain in the perineum, discomfort during urination and defecation.The most characteristic symptom is a slight discharge from the urethra during defecation.Chronic forms of disease mainly develop over a significant period of time.It is preceded by prostatosis (blood stagnation in capillaries), which gradually turns into abacterial prostatitis.

Chronic prostatitis is often a complication of the inflammatory process caused by certain infectious agents (chlamydia, trichomonas, ureaplasma, gonococcus).Symptoms of certain inflammatory processes in many cases mask the manifestation of prostate damage.There may be a slight increase in pain during urination, mild pain in the perineum, a slight discharge from the urethra during defecation.Small changes in the clinical picture are often not noticed by the patient.

Chronic inflammation of the prostate gland can be manifested by a burning sensation in the urethra and perineum, dysuria, sexual dysfunction, and increased general fatigue.The consequences of potential disorders (or the fear of these disorders) are often mental depression, anxiety and irritability.The clinical picture does not always include all the groups of symptoms listed;it varies among different patients and changes over time.There are three main syndrome characteristics of chronic prostatitis: pain, dysuria, sexual dysfunction.

There are no pain receptors in prostate tissue.The cause of pain in chronic prostatitis is the involvement of nerve pathways that are almost inevitable in the inflammatory process due to the abundant innervation of the pelvic organs.Patients complain of pain of varying intensity - from mild, painful to severe, disturbing sleep.There is a change in the nature of the pain (increased or weakened) during ejaculation, excessive sexual activity or sexual abstinence.Pain radiates to the scrotum, sacrum, perineum, and sometimes to the lumbar region.

As a result of inflammation in chronic prostatitis, the volume of the prostate increases, compressing the urethra.The lumen of the ureter is reduced.The patient experiences a frequent urge to urinate and a sense of incomplete emptying of the bladder.As a rule, the phenomenon is detected at an early stage.Then compensatory hypertrophy of the muscle layer of the bladder and ureter develops.Dysuria symptoms weaken during this period, and then increase again with the decompensation of adaptive mechanisms.

In the early stages, dyspotency may develop, manifesting itself differently in different patients.Patients may complain of frequent erections at night, loss of orgasm, or erectile dysfunction.Accelerated ejaculation is associated with a decrease in the threshold level of orgasmic center excitation.Pain during ejaculation can cause rejection of sexual activity.After that, sexual dysfunction becomes more pronounced.In advanced stages, impotence develops.

The level of sexual disorders is determined by many factors, including the sexual constitution and psychological mood of the patient.Impaired potential and dysuria can be caused by changes in the prostate gland and by the patient's suggestion, which, if he is diagnosed with chronic prostatitis, expects the inevitable development of sexual disorders and urinary disorders.Psychogenic dyspotency and dysuria often develop especially in suggestive and anxious patients.

Impotence, and sometimes the threat of possible sexual harassment, is difficult for the patient to tolerate.Often there are changes in character, irritability, temper, excessive concern for one's own health, and even "sickness".

Classification

In modern urology there is no uniform classification of this disease.However, practicing doctors prefer this option to classify the inflammatory process in the prostate:

According to the course of the disease:

• Acute prostatitis.It accounts for more than 50% of disease cases in people no older than 30-35 years.
• Chronic choice.It is considered a non-age category.It was not real for a long time;the impetus for its development is a cold or infection.

For reasons that cause pathology:

• Bacterial inflammation of the prostate gland, predominates in men under the age of 40, occurs on the background of ultrasonography, and does not go beyond the boundaries of the organ.
• Non-bacterial pathological changes in the glands, mostly chronic.
• Viral inflammation of the prostate is characterized by an acute course that affects the entire genital area.

According to the nature of structural changes in the prostate gland:

• Fibrous prostatitis is characterized by rapid growth of the gland that is irreversible and requires radical intervention.Clinically resembles prostate adenoma.
• Calculus inflammation of the prostate gland occurs due to the formation of stones in the prostate.Considered a sign of cancer.
• Congestive prostatitis, the result of an inactive lifestyle, is diagnosed in every second patient.

Signs of illness

If a man finds at least two of the following symptoms of prostatitis, he should immediately contact a qualified specialist:

• Urinary disturbances with intermittent, weak, abnormally short flow of urine, causing splashing, difficulty and pain before urinating.Frequent urges to empty the bladder occur especially at night.
• Pain, located in the lower abdomen, radiates to the scrotum, perineum, and rectum.
• Sexual dysfunction.
• Ejaculation problems, changes in sperm (consistency, quantity).

Complications

In the absence of timely treatment of acute prostatitis, there is a high risk of developing a prostate abscess.When a purulent focus is formed, the patient's body temperature rises to 39-40°C and can be naturally busy.Periods of fever alternate with severe chills.Sharp pain in the perineum makes it difficult to urinate and defecate.

Increased swelling of the prostate gland leads to acute urinary retention.In rare cases, the abscess spontaneously ruptures into the urethra or rectum.When opened, purulent, cloudy urine with an unpleasant and pungent odor appears in the urethra;when opened, the stool contains pus and mucus into the rectum.

Chronic prostatitis is characterized by a wave-like course with a long period of remission, in which inflammation in the prostate is latent or manifests itself with very few symptoms.Patients who are not bothered by anything often stop treatment and switch only if complications develop.

The spread of infection along the urinary tract causes pyelonephritis and cystitis.The most common complications in the chronic process are inflammation of the testicles and epididymis (epdidymo-orchitis) and inflammation of the seminal vesicles (vesiculitis).The consequence of this disease is often infertility.

Diagnostics

The characteristic clinical picture facilitates the process of diagnosing acute and chronic prostatitis.Required to:

Treatment of prostatitis

Treatment of acute prostatitis

Patients with uncomplicated acute processes are treated by urologists on an outpatient basis.In cases of severe intoxication or suspected purulent process, hospitalization is indicated.Antibacterial therapy is carried out.Drugs are selected taking into account the sensitivity of the infectious agent.Antibiotics are widely used that can penetrate well into the prostate tissue and act on it.

With the development of acute urinary retention due to prostatitis, they use a cystostomy installation instead of a urethral catheter, because there is a danger of prostate abscess formation.When the abscess develops, endoscopic transrectal or transurethral opening of the abscess is performed.

Treatment of chronic prostatitis

Treatment of chronic prostatitis should be comprehensive, including etiotropic therapy, physiotherapy, correction of immunity:

• Antibiotic therapy.The patient is prescribed a long course of antibacterial drugs (for 4-8 weeks).The selection of the type and dose of antibacterial drugs, as well as the determination of the duration of the treatment course is carried out individually.The drug is selected based on the sensitivity of the microflora based on the culture results of urine and prostate secretions.
• Prostate massage.Glandular massage has a complex effect on the affected organ.During the massage, inflammatory secretions accumulated in the prostate gland are squeezed into the ducts, then enter the urethra and are removed from the body.This procedure improves blood circulation in the prostate, which minimizes congestion and ensures better penetration of antibacterial drugs into the tissue of the affected organ.
• Physiotherapy.To improve blood circulation, laser exposure, ultrasonic waves and electromagnetic waves are used.If it is impossible to carry out physiotherapeutic procedures, the patient is prescribed warm medical microenemas.

In the case of chronic, long-term inflammation, consultation with an immunologist is indicated to choose immunocorrective therapy tactics.Patients are given recommendations for lifestyle changes.Making certain changes in the lifestyle of patients with chronic prostatitis is a therapeutic and preventive measure.Patients are recommended to normalize sleep and wakefulness, adjust diet, and engage in moderate physical activity.

Treatment of acute prostatitis

Acute prostatitis requires bed rest, a special salt-free diet, and sexual rest.

Course treatment method:

• The most effective treatment for prostatitis is etiotropic therapy.If the basis of prostatitis is an infection, a course of antimicrobial agents is a priority, which relieves the manifestations of inflammation.
• Pain syndrome is eliminated with analgesics, antispasmodics, rectal suppositories, microenemas with warm solutions of painkillers.NSAIDs can be used.
• Immunostimulants, immunomodulators, enzymes, vitamin complexes, and combinations of microelements have proven their effectiveness.
• Physiotherapy methods are only possible in the subacute stage of the disease.They improve microcirculation and improve immunity: UHF, microwaves, electrophoresis, laser, magnetic therapy.
• Massage is another effective method to influence the prostate.It opens the channels, normalizes blood circulation in the scrotum and pelvis.
• Acute renal filtrate retention can be corrected by catheterization and trocar cystostomy.
• The purulent process involves surgical intervention.
• Psychologist consultation.

Treatment methods for prostatitis

Antibacterial therapy is most effective in treating prostatitis.Herbal medicines, immunocorrectors and hormonal medicines can also be used as prescribed by the doctor.

If there are no acute symptoms, prostatitis can be treated with physiotherapy.In case of abscess and suppuration, surgical intervention is recommended.

Treatment with drugs

Treatment of prostatitis through antibacterial therapy must begin with a bacterial culture, the purpose of which is to assess the body's sensitivity to this type of antibiotic.If urination is disturbed, the use of anti-inflammatory drugs gives good results.

The medicine is taken in tablets, in acute cases - as a dropper or intramuscularly.Rectal suppositories are effective for treating chronic forms of prostatitis: with their help, drugs reach their goals faster and have minimal effects on other organs.

Blood thinning and anti-inflammatory drugs have also proven effective.

Antibacterial therapy

Antibiotics are effective drugs in the fight against bacterial prostatitis.To achieve the desired effect and not harm the body, the choice of medicine, dosage and treatment regimen should be made by a doctor.In order to correctly choose the most effective drug, he needs to know the type of pathogen that causes prostatitis, and also test the patient for tolerance to a certain group of antibiotics.

Antibiotics from the fluoroquinolone group have proven themselves effective in the treatment of chronic prostatitis.Their actions are aimed at blocking bacterial infections and strengthening the body's own immunity.In addition, the bacteriostatic antibiotic trimethoprim is recommended for the prevention and treatment of concomitant diseases of the genitourinary system.

To treat prostatitis caused by mycoplasma and chlamydia, you can also take drugs from the group of macrolides and tetracyclines, which slow down the spread of infection.

The duration of taking antibacterial drugs is from 2 to 4 weeks.In case of positive dynamics, the course can be extended.

Physiotherapy

Physiotherapy techniques in the treatment of prostatitis aim to activate blood circulation in the pelvic area, improve metabolic processes in the prostate gland, and clean the ducts.If physiotherapy is combined with taking antibiotics, the effect of the latter is enhanced.

The main methods include:

• magnetic therapy;
• laser therapy;
• electrophoresis;
• warming up;
• ultrasound;
• mud therapy;
• high frequency irradiation;
• physical therapy.

One of the oldest methods, transrectal massage of the prostate gland, according to modern research, has no proven effectiveness.

Treatment is not specific

Non-specific methods of treating prostatitis include:

• hirudotherapy;
• therapeutic fasting;
• acupuncture;
• diet according to the Ostrovsky method;
• body alkalinization using the Neumyvakin method.

We strongly recommend that you discuss all non-traditional methods of treating prostatitis with your doctor.

Surgical treatment

Surgical methods are used in complex and emergency cases:

• for purulent abscess drainage, which is removed by laparoscopic method through puncture;
• in case of difficulty urinating due to damage to the urinary tract;
• with a large amount of affected area;
• with a large number of stones in the body of the gland.

Stones and sclerotic tissue are removed using endoscopic methods.In the case of a large affected area or many stones, resection of the prostate should be performed.

Transurethral resection is also effective for bacterial prostatitis.In this way, the risk of relapse can be reduced.

People's recovery

Folk remedies for the treatment of prostatitis may not be effective by themselves, but in combination with drugs and physiotherapeutic methods they may be used.These include: beekeeping products, decoction of herbs and seeds, garlic tincture, ginger, beaver flow, fresh vegetables, pumpkin seeds.

In acute cases of this disease, you must consult a doctor, and you cannot self-medicate!If the purulent abscess bursts, death is possible.

Suppositories for prostatitis

When treating prostatitis, rectal suppositories are much more effective than tablets, if only because the rectum is closer to the prostate, which means the medicine will act faster.

The composition of drugs for the treatment of prostatitis can be completely different;they are set to solve a specific problem.

1. Antibacterial agents are particularly effective for prostatitis caused by chlamydia.
2. Painkillers are used for symptomatic treatment;they relieve pain well.
3. Immunostimulants help improve blood circulation, relieve swelling, and are used in complex therapy.
4. Herbal medicine has a mild effect.They, like wax on bee products, are used in addition to the main treatment.
5. Ichthyol-based composition promotes blood flow in the intestinal mucosa, which accelerates the reduction of the inflammatory process and slightly improves immunity.
6. Enzyme-based products prevent the formation of scar tissue.It is recommended to take it as part of a complex therapy with antibiotics, anti-inflammatory and painkillers.

Side effects

For the symptomatic treatment of prostatitis in men, for example, relieving pain during urination, you can also take antispasmodics, which relax smooth muscles and thus relieve pain quickly.

General health is promoted by blood thinning and anti-inflammatory supplements based on bee products, pumpkin oil and palm fruit extract.

Diet and lifestyle

For the treatment of prostatitis, a proper, balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle are very important.Food should not contain spicy, fried, salty or pickled foods.In acute cases, alcohol is strictly prohibited.

Food should contain enough fiber to prevent constipation.Protein content should be reduced.It is advisable to supplement the diet with herbs, ginger, and pumpkin seeds.

As a result of untreated prostatitis

Even if the symptoms of prostatitis do not appear for a long time, it is necessary to undergo a regular examination by a urologist.Prostatitis that does not heal completely may be accompanied by the formation of calcifications, which then need to be removed together with the gland.Experts are convinced that there is no other way to remove or dissolve stones.

In addition, pathogenic microorganisms can migrate to neighboring organs, causing inflammation.Advanced prostatitis can lead to the development of adenoma and prostate cancer.

Prognosis and prevention

Acute prostatitis is a disease that has a clear tendency to become chronic.Even with adequate timely treatment, chronic prostatitis results in more than half of patients.Recovery is not always achieved, however, with the correct consistent therapy and according to the doctor's recommendations, it is possible to eliminate unpleasant symptoms and achieve long-term and stable remission in chronic processes.

Prevention consists of eliminating risk factors.It is necessary to avoid hypothermia, alternate sedentary work with periods of physical activity, and eat regularly and nutritiously.For constipation, laxatives should be used.One of the preventive measures is the normalization of sexual life, because both excessive sexual activity and sexual abstinence are risk factors in the development of prostatitis.If symptoms of urological or venereal diseases appear, you should immediately see a doctor.